Sexual harassment at work, at a university or on the street is unlawful in Pakistan. Every organisation must adopt the Code of Conduct and constitute an Inquiry Committee, and a woman can complain either to that committee or directly to the Federal or Provincial Ombudsperson for Protection against Harassment. Harassment in public is also a criminal offence under the Pakistan Penal Code.
Our women advocates draft and file complaints, represent you before inquiry committees and the Ombudsperson, protect you against retaliation, and pursue criminal action where appropriate.
Relevant Laws, Rules & Ordinances
- Protection against Harassment of Women at the Workplace Act, 2010 (as amended in 2022)
- Punjab Protection against Harassment of Women at the Workplace (Amendment) Act, 2012 and the Provincial Ombudsperson
- Code of Conduct for Gender Justice at the Workplace (Schedule to the 2010 Act)
- Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 — section 509 (sexual harassment / insulting the modesty of a woman)
- Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act, 2016 (where harassment happens online)
Frequently Asked Questions
What counts as harassment at the workplace?
Unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favours, sexually demeaning remarks, gestures or messages, and creating a hostile environment — including making employment decisions depend on such conduct. The 2022 amendments widened both the definition and the people protected.
Should I complain to my organisation or to the Ombudsperson?
You may choose either. The internal Inquiry Committee is quicker where it functions properly; the Ombudsperson is independent and is often the better choice where the accused is senior or the organisation has no committee. We will advise which route fits your facts.
Can I be fired or punished for complaining?
Victimisation of a complainant or witness is itself misconduct under the law. If you face retaliation after complaining, it can be raised before the same forum, and it strengthens your case.
Does the law cover students, freelancers and domestic workers?
The 2022 amendments extended protection well beyond conventional employees, covering a wide range of workplaces and working relationships, including educational institutions. We can check whether your situation is covered.
What can I do about harassment on the street or in public transport?
Harassment in public is a criminal offence under section 509 PPC. Call 15 or 1043, note the time, place and any vehicle number, and keep any video or witnesses — an FIR can then be registered.
Get Help With Workplace & Public Harassment
Every case is different, and the guidance above is general information, not a substitute for advice on your specific facts. If you’re dealing with a workplace & public harassment matter, our women advocates offer a free first consultation to review your situation and explain your options — reach out below or via WhatsApp to get started.